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Schinus molle
Classification
Kingdom
Plantae
Subkingdom
Viridiplantae
Superdivision
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Division
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Subclass
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Order
Sapindales
Family
Anacardiaceae
Genus
Schinus L.
Species
Schinus molle L
Plant Description
S. molle is a tree up to 15 m tall, often less than 10 m, with a spreading crown comprising drooping, pendulous twigs and weeping foliage. It is evergreen and unarmed. The bark is light grey, brown to dark brown, scaly or fissured, and peels to exude a sticky latex when damaged. The trunk, although often short, may be 2–4 m high and 60 cm in diameter. Branches tend to be brittle and may break in strong winds. The species is generally shallow rooted. Leaves are pinnate, alternate, imparipinnate, 25 (–30) cm long, with a peppery smell when crushed, 12–15 (–40) pairs of leaflets, linear-lanceolate, narrow, 3–4 (–6) cm long. S. molle is dioecious. Flowers are very small, green, yellow in colour, with five sepals, arranged in lax, hanging, open panicles at the ends of branches. The fruit is a berry containing a single, small, black seed, spherical and 3–5 (–7) mm in diameter, similar to a black peppercorn, in a thin red (purple to rose-coloured) shell, with a strong, peppery smell and sweet peppery flavour. The fruit hangs in dense clusters of many dozen seeds and may be persistent on the tree.
Habit/Life Form
Terrestrial, Multi-branched crown of weeping foliage
DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES IN INDIA
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AGROCLIMATIC CONDITIONS
| # | Soil and Climate | Temperature (°C) | Average Annual Rainfall (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A well-drained soil in full sun, but also tolerates the light shade of other trees. It likes growing in sandy soils and succeeds in a hot dry position .it grows well on stony sites and slopes. It is t | 15 - 20 | 300 - 700 |
International Local Names
| # | Country Name | Local Name |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spanish | Aguaribai; false pimiento; molle; pimento; piru; pirul |
| 2 | English | Brazilian pepper tree; California peppertree; pepper tree; peppertree; Peruvian pepper tree |
| 3 | French | Faux poivrier; faux poivrier du Perou; molée des jardins; poivrier d'Amérique |
| 4 | Arabic | Filfilrafic |
| 5 | Portuguese | Aroeira-do-matto |
| 6 | Brazil | Aroeira-salso |
| 7 | Germany | Peruanischer Pfefferbaum; Pfefferbaum |
| 8 | Italy | Albero del pepe; pepe del Peru; schino |
| 9 | Kenya | Mugaita |
| 10 | Netherlands | Peperboom, Amerikaanse |
| 11 | Somalia | Mirimiri |
Plant Parts Used
The dried and roasted berries are used as a pepper substitute. An essential oil distilled from the fruit is used as a spice in baked goods and candy. The fruits are pulverized and used in cooling drinks called 'horchatas' in S. America. A wine is made from the twigs and another from the berries. A gum that exudes from the bark is used for chewing.
System of Medicine
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Intended Use
Tannin is obtained from the bark. An aromatic resin is obtained from the bark. A latex is produced from many parts of the tree. All parts of the tree have a high content of essential oil. The essential oil in the fruit has a flavor resembling that of a mixture of fennel and pepper.
Traditional Application
Used in Yemeni folk medicine as an expectorant, a diuretic and also for the treatment of stomach upsets. antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, insecticidal, and insect repellent.
antibacterial, antiviral, topical antiseptic, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour.
Uses in IORA Countries
| # | Country Name | Uses |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | -- | --- |
Marketed Products
| # | AVALAIBLE PRODUCTS | MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | -- | -- |
Market Overview
Global End Use Market
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Available Global Market
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Global Manufacturer Extract
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Distribution in IORA Countries
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Trade Data
Source Supply
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Trade Name
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Annual Consumption (in MT)
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PATENTS
| # | PATENT TITLE | PATENT/APPLICATION NO. | PATENT OFFICE | SOURCE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | -- | - | -- | Details |
Adulterant/Substitute
CULTIVARS AND VARIETIES
SOURCES
| # | Source (Link) |
|---|---|
| 1 | ---- |