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Terminalia arjuna
BOTANICAL DETAILS OF PLANT
Synonyms
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Classification
Kingdom
Plantae
Subkingdom
Superdivision
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Division
Streptophyta
Class
Equisetopsida
Subclass
Magnoliidae
Order
Myrtales
Family
Combretaceae
Genus
Terminalia
Species
Terminalia arjuna
Plant Description
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Habit/Life Form
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DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES IN INDIA
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Plant Parts Used
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System of Medicine
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Intended Use
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Traditional Application
Phytochemical Details
| # | Phytochemical Constituents | PUBCHEM CID | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arjunolic acid | 73641 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 2 | Arjunic acid | 15385516 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 3 | Arjungenin | 12444386 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 4 | Arjunetin | 21152828 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 5 | Punicalin | 92131301 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 6 | Castalagin | 168165 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 7 | Casuariin | 14035442 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 8 | Terminic acid | 132568257 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 9 | Terchebulin | 16175789 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 10 | Terminolitin | 17238114 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 11 | Methyl oleanate | 468606491 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 12 | Terflavin C | 101589227 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 13 | Arjunetoside | 11491396 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 14 | Pelargonidin | 440832 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 15 | Arjunin | 102316370 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 16 | Punicalin | 92131301 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 17 | Casuarinin | 157395 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 18 | Leucocyanidin | 71629 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 19 | Cerasidin | 14034812 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 20 | Casuarinin | 157395 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
| 21 | Punicalagin | 44584733 | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
Pharmacological Details
| # | PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS/THERAPEUTIC USES | REFERENCES |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cardiovascular Activity | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. Dwivedi, Shridhar, and Deepti Chopra. "Revisiting Terminalia arjuna–an ancient cardiovascular drug." Journal of traditional and complementary medicine 4.4 (2014): 224-231. Dwivedi, Shridhar. "Terminalia arjuna Wight & Arn.—a useful drug for cardiovascular disorders." Journal of ethnopharmacology 114.2 (2007): 114-129. Maulik, Subir K., and Kewal K. Talwar. "Therapeutic potential of Terminalia arjuna in cardiovascular disorders." American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs 12 (2012): 157-163. Manna, Prasenjit, Mahua Sinha, and Parames C. Sil. "Phytomedicinal activity of Terminalia arjuna against carbon tetrachloride induced cardiac oxidative stress." Pathophysiology 14.2 (2007): 71-78. Thakur, Shifali, Hemlata Kaurav, and Gitika Chaudhary. "Terminalia arjuna: a potential ayurvedic cardio tonic." International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 8.2 (2021): 227-236. Khaliq, Farah, et al. "Terminalia arjuna improves cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats." Cardiovascular toxicology 13 (2013): 68-76. Kumar, Santosh, et al. "Catecholamine-induced myocardial fibrosis and oxidative stress is attenuated by Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.)." Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 61.11 (2009): 1529-1536. Parveen, Adila, et al. "Terminalia arjuna enhances baroreflex sensitivity and myocardial function in isoproterenol-induced chronic heart failure rats." Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology and therapeutics 17.2 (2012): 199-207. |
| 2 | Anti ischemic Activity | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. Dwivedi, Shridhar. "Terminalia arjuna Wight & Arn.—a useful drug for cardiovascular disorders." Journal of ethnopharmacology 114.2 (2007): 114-129. Maulik, Subir K., and Kewal K. Talwar. "Therapeutic potential of Terminalia arjuna in cardiovascular disorders." American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs 12 (2012): 157-163. Kapoor, Divya, Rajesh Vijayvergiya, and Veena Dhawan. "Terminalia arjuna in coronary artery disease: ethnopharmacology, pre-clinical, clinical & safety evaluation." Journal of ethnopharmacology 155.2 (2014): 1029-1045. Gaikwad, Dinanath, and Namdeo Jadhav. "A review on biogenic properties of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna: An update." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11.8 (2018): 35-39. Thakur, Shifali, Hemlata Kaurav, and Gitika Chaudhary. "Terminalia arjuna: a potential ayurvedic cardio tonic." International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 8.2 (2021): 227-236. Chandrashekar, K. R., H. M. Somashekarappa, and J. Souframanien. "Effect of gamma irradiation on germination, growth, and biochemical parameters of Terminalia arjuna Roxb." Radiation Protection and Environment 36.1 (2013): 38. Kumar, Narendra. "Phytopharmacological overview on Terminalia arjuna Wight and Arn." World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2014): 1557-1566. Kim, Hae Lim, Bong-Keun Choi, and Seung Hwan Yang. "Terminalia chebula Medicinal Uses: A Review of in vitro and in vivo Studies." Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering 27.5 (2022): 729-739. Babasaheb, Khandekar Surekha, and Pansare Tabassum Arif. "Ayurvedic and modern aspects of arjuna (Terminalia arjuna roxb): An overview." World J Pharm Res 7 (2018): 1064-91. Hafiz, Fatema Binte, et al. "A comprehensive ethno-pharmacological and phytochemical update review on medicinal plant of Terminalia arjuna Roxb of Bangladesh." Sch Acad J Pharm 3 (2014): 19-25. |
| 3 | Lipid lowering Activity | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. Khanna, A. K., Ramesh Chander, and N. K. Kapoor. "Terminalia arjuna: an ayurvedic cardiotonic, regulates lipid metabolism in hyperlipaemic rats." Phytotherapy Research 10.8 (1996): 663-665. Chander, Ramesh, et al. "Antidyslipidemic and antioxidant activities of different fractions of Terminalia arjuna stem bark." Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry 19 (2004): 141-148. Gaikwad, Dinanath, and Namdeo Jadhav. "A review on biogenic properties of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna: An update." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11.8 (2018): 35-39. Pingali, Usharani, Deepasree Sukumaran, and Chandrasekhar Nutalapati. "Effect of an aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula on endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical study." Phytotherapy Research 34.12 (2020): 3226-3235. Parveen, Adila, et al. "Mechanistic clues in the cardioprotective effect of Terminalia arjuna bark extract in isoproterenol-induced chronic heart failure in rats." Cardiovascular toxicology 11 (2011): 48-57. |
| 4 | Antihypertensive Activity | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. Maulik, Subir K., and Kewal K. Talwar. "Therapeutic potential of Terminalia arjuna in cardiovascular disorders." American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs 12 (2012): 157-163. Kadian, Renu, Milind Parle, and Monu Yadav. "Therapeutic potential and phytopharmacology of Terminalia bellerica." World journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences 3.10 (2014): 804-819. Alam, Md Jahangir, et al. "Ethnopharmacological and therapeutic potential of Terminalia arjuna and Camellia sinensis against cardiovascular diseases: Evidence and experimental studies." Evidence-Based Validation of Herbal Medicine. Elsevier, 2022. 651-669. Khatkar, Sarita, Arun Nanda, and Shahid H. Ansari. "Comparative evaluation of conventional and novel extracts of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna for antihypertensive activity in BSO induced oxidative stress based rat model." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 20.2 (2019): 157-167. Tiwari, Aakanksha, Ravindra Singh, and R. C. Tripathi. "Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Terminalia arjuna." Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics 9.3 (2017): 147-151. Singh, Inderjeet, et al. "Effects of three different doses of a fruit extract of Terminalia chebula on metabolic components of metabolic syndrome, in a rat model." Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives 24.1 (2010): 107-112. Dwivedi, Shridhar. "Terminalia arjuna Wight & Arn.—a useful drug for cardiovascular disorders." Journal of ethnopharmacology 114.2 (2007): 114-129. Kumari, Swati, et al. "A pharmacognostic, phytochemical and pharmacological review of Terminalia bellerica." Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 6.5 (2017): 368-376. |
| 5 | Anticancer Activity | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. Shendge, Anil Khushalrao, Rhitajit Sarkar, and Nripendranath Mandal. "Potent anti‐inflammatory Terminalia chebula fruit showed in vitro anticancer activity on lung and breast carcinoma cells through the regulation of Bax/Bcl‐2 and caspase‐cascade pathways." Journal of Food Biochemistry 44.12 (2020): e13521. Bupesh, G., et al. "Enhanced antibacterial, anticancer activity from Terminalia chebula." Medicinal plant rapid extract by phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles core-shell structures. J Nanomed Nanotechnol 7 (2016): 355. Gangadevi, Venkatraman, and Johnpaul Muthumary. "Taxol production by Pestalotiopsis terminaliae, an endophytic fungus of Terminalia arjuna (arjun tree)." Biotechnology and applied biochemistry 52.1 (2009): 9-15. Singh, Shivsharan, Satish Kumar Verma, and Santosh Kumar. "Analysis of anti-cancer potential of Terminalia arjuna." Int. J. Adv. Sci. Res. Manag 2 (2017): 82-87. Cheng, Hua-Yew, et al. "Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Terminalia chebula." Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 26.9 (2003): 1331-1335. Sivalokanathan, Sarveswaran, Muthaiyan Ilayaraja, and Maruthaiveeran Periyasamy Balasubramanian. "Antioxidant activity of Terminalia arjuna bark extract on N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats." Molecular and cellular biochemistry 281 (2006): 87-93. Gaidhani, S. N., et al. "In-vitro anticancer activity of standard extracts used in ayurveda." Pharmacognosy Magazine 5.Suppl 2 (2009): 425-429. Sivamaruthi, Bhagavathi Sundaram, et al. "Biogenic synthesis of silver palladium bimetallic nanoparticles from fruit extract of Terminalia chebula–In vitro evaluation of anticancer and antimicrobial activity." Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology 51 (2019): 139-151. Shankara, BE Ravi, et al. "Evaluating the anticancer potential of ethanolic gall extract of Terminalia chebula (Gaertn.) Retz.(combretaceae)." Pharmacognosy research 8.3 (2016): 209. |
| 6 | Antioxidant Activity | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. Shahriar, Mohammad, et al. "Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity of bark extracts of Terminalia arjuna." Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 6.39 (2012): 5286-5298. Shahid Chatha, S. A., et al. "Bioactive components and antioxidant properties of Terminalia arjuna L." Extracts. J Food Process Technol 5.298 (2014): 2. Shahid Chatha, S. A., et al. "Bioactive components and antioxidant properties of Terminalia arjuna L." Extracts. J Food Process Technol 5.298 (2014): 2. Mandal, Shreya, et al. "Analysis of phytochemical profile of Terminalia arjuna bark extract with antioxidative and antimicrobial properties." Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine 3.12 (2013): 960-966. Amalraj, Augustine, and Sreeraj Gopi. "Medicinal properties of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.: a review." Journal of traditional and complementary medicine 7.1 (2017): 65-78. Cheng, Hua-Yew, et al. "Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Terminalia chebula." Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 26.9 (2003): 1331-1335. Vaghela, J. S., and S. S. Sisodia. "In vitro antioxidant activity of Terminalia chebula fruit extracts." Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 4.12 (2011): 1835-1843. Chen, Xiuping, et al. "In vitro evaluation on the antioxidant capacity of triethylchebulate, an aglycone from Terminalia chebula Retz fruit." Indian journal of pharmacology 43.3 (2011): 320. Verma, Nibha, and Manjula Vinayak. "Effect of Terminalia arjuna on antioxidant defense system in cancer." Molecular biology reports 36 (2009): 159-164. Jeong, Hye Kyoung, et al. "Structure analysis and antioxidant activities of an amylopectin-type polysaccharide isolated from dried fruits of Terminalia chebula." Carbohydrate Polymers 211 (2019): 100-108. |
| 7 | Antibacterial Activity | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. Mostafa, M. Golam, Mahdia Rahman, and M. Manjurul Karim. "Antimicrobial activity of Terminalia chebula." Int. J Med Arom. Plan 1.2 (2011): 175-179. Phadke, S. A., and S. D. Kulkarni. "Screening of in vitro antibacterial activity of Terminalia chebula, Eclapta alba and Ocimum sanctum." Indian journal of medical sciences 43.5 (1989): 113-117. Aneja, Kamal Rai, Chetan Sharma, and Radhika Joshi. "Antimicrobial activity of Terminalia arjuna Wight & Arn.: An ethnomedicinal plant against pathogens causing ear infection." Brazilian Journal of otorhinolaryngology 78.1 (2012): 68-74. Rekha, Vidhya, et al. "Anti cariogenic effect of Terminalia chebula." Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR 8.8 (2014): ZC51. Malekzadeh, F., et al. "Antibacterial activity of black myrobalan (Terminalia chebula Retz) against Helicobacter pylori." International journal of antimicrobial agents 18.1 (2001): 85-88. Debnath, Sukalyani, et al. "Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Terminalia arjuna Wight & Arn. bark against multi-drug resistant clinical isolates." Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 1.4 (2013): 312-318. Bag, Anwesa, Subir Kumar Bhattacharyya, and Rabi Ranjan Chattopadhyay. "The development of Terminalia chebula Retz.(Combretaceae) in clinical research." Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine 3.3 (2013): 244-252. Gupta, Prakash Chandra. "Biological and pharmacological properties of Terminalia chebula Retz.(Haritaki)-An overview." Int J pharm pharm Sci 4.3 (2012): 62-68. Venkatesan, Alagesan, et al. "Antioxidant, antibacterial activities and identification of bioactive compounds from Terminalia chebula bark extracts." Free Radicals and Antioxidants 7.1 (2017): 43-49. Shankara, BE Ravi, et al. "In vitro antibacterial activity of Terminalia chebula leaf gall extracts against some human pathogenic strains." International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 1.8 (2012): 217-220. Gupta, Divya, and Mukesh Kumar. "Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial potential and GC–MS analysis of Camellia sinensis and Terminalia arjuna." Biotechnology Reports 13 (2017): 19-25. Khan, Inamullah, et al. "In vitro antioxidant, anticholinesterase inhibitory, and antimicrobial activity studies of Terminalia chebula (Retz) and Terminalia arjuna (Roxb)." South African Journal of Botany 146 (2022): 395-400. |
| 8 | Antiplatelet Activity | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. Maulik, Subir K., and Kewal K. Talwar. "Therapeutic potential of Terminalia arjuna in cardiovascular disorders." American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs 12 (2012): 157-163. Bhawani, G., et al. "A retrospective study of effect of Terminalia arjuna and evidence based standard therapy on echocardiographic parameters in patients of dilated cardiomyopathy." Journal of Pharmacy Research 6.5 (2013): 493-498. Manisha, Dikshit, Garg Puneet Kumar, and G. K. Saxena. "ROLE OF TERMINALIA ARJUNA IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE (HRIDAROGA): A REVIEW." Int. J. Ayur. Pharma Research 3.2 (2015): 24-28. Sumitra, Miriyala, et al. "Experimental myocardial necrosis in rats: role of arjunolic acid on platelet aggregation, coagulation and antioxidant status." Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 224 (2001): 135-142. |
| 9 | Antioxidant Activity | Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. Shahriar, Mohammad, et al. "Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity of bark extracts of Terminalia arjuna." Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 6.39 (2012): 5286-5298. Lee, Hyun-Sun, et al. "Antioxidant effects of aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula in vivo and in vitro." Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 28.9 (2005): 1639-1644. Saha, Sarmistha, and Ramtej J. Verma. "Antioxidant activity of polyphenolic extract of Terminalia chebula Retzius fruits." Journal of taibah university for science 10.6 (2016): 805-812. Sultana, Bushra, Farooq Anwar, and Roman Przybylski. "Antioxidant activity of phenolic components present in barks of Azadirachta indica, Terminalia arjuna, Acacia nilotica, and Eugenia jambolana Lam. trees." Food chemistry 104.3 (2007): 1106-1114. Amalraj, Augustine, and Sreeraj Gopi. "Medicinal properties of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.: a review." Journal of traditional and complementary medicine 7.1 (2017): 65-78. Cheng, Hua-Yew, et al. "Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Terminalia chebula." Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 26.9 (2003): 1331-1335. Naik, G. H., et al. "Studies on the aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula as a potent antioxidant and a probable radioprotector." Phytomedicine 11.6 (2004): 530-538. Vaghela, J. S., and S. S. Sisodia. "In vitro antioxidant activity of Terminalia chebula fruit extracts." Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 4.12 (2011): 1835-1843. Chen, Xiuping, et al. "In vitro evaluation on the antioxidant capacity of triethylchebulate, an aglycone from Terminalia chebula Retz fruit." Indian journal of pharmacology 43.3 (2011): 320. Gupta, R., et al. "Antioxidant and hypocholesterolaemic effects of Terminalia arjuna tree-bark powder: a randomised placebo-controlled trial." The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 49 (2001): 231-235. Verma, Nibha, and Manjula Vinayak. "Effect of Terminalia arjuna on antioxidant defense system in cancer." Molecular biology reports 36 (2009): 159-164. |
| 10 | Wound healing activity | Gaikwad, Dinanath, and Namdeo Jadhav. "A review on biogenic properties of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna: An update." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11.8 (2018): 35-39 Chaudhari, Minakshi, and Sushma Mengi. "Evaluation of phytoconstituents of Terminalia arjuna for wound healing activity in rats." Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives 20.9 (2006): 799-805. Singh, Manish Pal, and Chandra Shekhar Sharma. "Wound healing activity of Terminalia chebula in experimentally induced diabetic rats." International Journal of PharmTech Research 1.4 (2009): 1267-1270. Bag, Anwesa, Subir Kumar Bhattacharyya, and Rabi Ranjan Chattopadhyay. "The development of Terminalia chebula Retz.(Combretaceae) in clinical research." Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine 3.3 (2013): 244-252. Rane, Madhura M., and Sushma A. Mengi. "Comparative effect of oral administration and topical application of alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna bark on incision and excision wounds in rats." Fitoterapia 74.6 (2003): 553-558. Mukherjee, Pulok K., et al. "Evaluation of wound healing activity of some herbal formulations." Phytotherapy Research 17.3 (2003): 265-268. |
| 11 | Reproductive activity | Gaikwad, Dinanath, and Namdeo Jadhav. "A review on biogenic properties of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna: An update." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11.8 (2018): 35-39 Rath, S. S. "Food utilization efficiency in Antheraea mylitta fed on Terminalia arjuna leaves." Sericologia 51.1 (2011): 91-99. Gopinath, K., et al. "Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles from fruit extract of Terminalia arjuna, for the enhanced seed germination activity of Gloriosa superba." Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry 4 (2014): 1-11. Hebbani, Ananda Vardhan, et al. "Protective effect of Terminalia arjuna against alcohol induced oxidative damage of rat erythrocyte membranes." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine 12.2 (2021): 330-339. Puri, Abhijeet, et al. "Facile Green Synthesis and Characterization of Terminalia arjuna Bark Phenolic-Selenium Nano Gel: A Biocompatible and Green Nano-biomaterial for Multifaceted Biological Applications." Frontiers in Chemistry 11: 1273360. |
| 12 | Antiviral Activity | Gaikwad, Dinanath, and Namdeo Jadhav. "A review on biogenic properties of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna: An update." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11.8 (2018): 35-39 Kesharwani, Ajay, et al. "Anti-HSV-2 activity of Terminalia chebula Retz extract and its constituents, chebulagic and chebulinic acids." BMC complementary and alternative medicine 17 (2017): 1-11. Cheng, Hua-Yew, Chun-Ching Lin, and Ta-Chen Lin. "Antiherpes simplex virus type 2 activity of casuarinin from the bark of Terminalia arjuna Linn." Antiviral research 55.3 (2002): 447-455. Chattopadhyay, R. R., and S. K. Bhattacharyya. "PHCOG REV: Plant Review. Terminalia chebula: An update." Pharmacognosy Reviews Jan-May, 2007; 1: 151 157 (2007). Jain, Sunyana, et al. "Terminalia arjuna a sacred medicinal plant: phytochemical and pharmacological profile." Phytochemistry Reviews 8 (2009): 491-502. |
Market Overview
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